Students achieved higher academic accomplishment if the teachers apply higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in classroom. But how can teachers apply the HOTS in classroom???
Teachers should uses certain ways to make sure students can excess to the higher order thinking skills especially in classroom. Some ways are using checklist, question and graphic organizers. In my point of view, the most effective ways that the teachers can use in classroom is questioning techniques. There are several types of questions like multiple choice (MC), short constructed responses (SCR), extended constructed response (ECR) and essay. These entire questions have their own limitations and advantages.
But what are the differences between these constructed response question and essay??
ü SCR: the answers are one word or several words.
ü ECR: the answers are several words to one paragraph.
ü Essay: the answers are one paragraph to several paragraph.
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For the multiple choices question, it usually cover a lot of lower order thinking skills(LOTS) but it also can be used to excess the higher order thinking skills if it is carefully built. But the problem is, it takes a lot of time and difficult to built the good multiple choices question that can excess the higher order thinking sills. In order to build the good MC questions there are a few guidelines that you can follow:
1. The stem of the question is strong and can be exist on its own. On the other ways, the stem must have its meaning.
2. The stem is in the form of question.
3. All the choices are equal in the vocabulary, pattern, length and types.
4. There are no ‘all of the above’, ‘none of the above’, and ‘I don’t know’ choices.
But to build the constructed response questions and essay, teachers need to give detailed and clear instructions and avoid using ambiguity words. The uses of ambiguity word can confuses the students because the students tend to interpret the word in their own point of view and the point of view of each students are different form each other. The teachers also need to gave the detailed information on haw the mark is given and shows the rubric that will be used that have two types. The rubric types are holistic and analytic. Besides that the teachers also need to avoid giving other questions for students to choose.
The teachers also need a lot of time to mark the constructed response questions and essay questions. The teachers need to mark the same questions number across the students and have to mark twice to avoid mistakes and to make the marking is more accurate. The teachers also need to refer to the rubric to make sure the marks given are equal to all the students.
But how can teacher uses all these types of question to excess HOTS in students???
The uses of type of this question can help the students to excess HOTS but it is advisable that teachers use the combination of all of the questions. Yeah, the combination of MC, SCR, ECR and essay. Because the uses of only want type of question cannot help the student to excess to HOTS but the combination of it can help students to gain more excess to HOTS and then they also can apply it in their own life outside of the classroom.
There are two major thinking skills that are important to students that are creative thinking and critical thinking skills. Today I’m going to discuss something about the critical thinking skills. This is based on my reading, if there are something that wrong, I hope you guys out there can help me to correct it.
Okay, let’s continue about the critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills is very crucial to all the students as its can help the students to organize their life better. There are several characteristics of students those posses critical thinking skills like:
1. brave
2. hardworking
3. resourceful
4. independent
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